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Nat­ur­al rub­ber is obtained from the sap or latex of the rub­ber tree (Hevea Brasilien­sis). For this pur­pose, the trees are scratched in the bark and the sap is col­lect­ed. Nat­ur­al or chem­i­cal coag­u­la­tion is used to sep­a­rate the rub­ber from the aque­ous com­po­nents, which are then puri­fied and dried and pre­served by var­i­ous process­es. Nat­ur­al rub­bers are avail­able as smoked skins, but also as air-dried sheet­ing. The chem­i­cal name for nat­ur­al rub­ber is cis‑1,4‑polyisoprene. Nat­ur­al rub­ber is char­ac­ter­ized by very good elas­tic­i­ty and high mechan­i­cal strength. The main area of appli­ca­tion for nat­ur­al rub­ber is in the field of tire con­struc­tion. The low heat build-up under dynam­ic load and the high tear resis­tance due to the for­ma­tion of self-rein­forc­ing crys­tal­lites (strain crys­tal­liza­tion), which occurs at high elon­ga­tion, are the basis for use in tire tread com­pounds, espe­cial­ly for truck tires. Due to their high elas­tic­i­ty, oth­er areas of appli­ca­tion for nat­ur­al rub­ber are in the field of (vibra­tion) dampers and as bear­ings and clutch­es for mov­ing parts in the auto­mo­tive and mechan­i­cal engi­neer­ing indus­tries. Due to its high ten­sile strength, nat­ur­al rub­ber is used in the agri­cul­tur­al sec­tor, espe­cial­ly for belts and tapes, but also in a vari­ety of mould­ed parts and roller coat­ings. Nat­ur­al rub­ber is also used in rub­ber-met­al spring ele­ments and buffers.